Automatic oil burner



F. J. EvA'Ns ET A1.

AUTOMATIC OIL BURNER original Filed June 2s. 1924 Aug. 2, 1927.

Patented Aug. 2,1927.U

UNITED STATES PATENT yorr ICE.

EEANK J. EvANs AND HERMAN c. HANSEN, oil` MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA,AssIGNoRs,

BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, LOUDEN MACHINERY COMPANY, OF FAIRFIELD,

' IOWA., A CORPORATION OF IOWA.

AUTOMATIC oir. BURNER.

Application filed June 23, 1924, Serial No. 721,687. Renewed May 12,1926.

This invention relates to a liquid fuel burner such as an oil burner nowcommonly used in stoves and furnaces. j

It is an object of this invention to provide a simple and efficient formof oil burner and one which can veryreadily and quickly be installed inthe furnace' andv removed therefrom when desired. v

It is a further object of th/e invention to 10 provide such aburner'having a novel form of fuel supply pipejadaptedto form a pilot.

It is also an object of theinvention to provide a bowl-like burner'receptacle having an adjustable ring-like cap atthe top thereof.

'These and other objects and'advantages of the invention will be fullyset, forth in the -following description made in connection with theaccompanying drawings in which like reference characters refer to thesame parts throughout the different views; and in which A F ig. 1is aview in side eleva-tion of the device, certain parts being broken awayand others shown in vertical section; Fig. 2 is a view in verticalsection thro gh the burner and supply conduit thereof, the4 same beingshow n on an enlarged scale, a portion of Ythe device being shown indifferent position in dotted lines; and 3o Fig. 3 is a view in sideelevation of one end of the supply pipe; a portion thereof being shownin vertical section, this figure j being shown on a still more enlarged.scale.

Referring to the drawings, a portion of a furnace of modern standardconstruction is illustrated having a cylindrical casing 1 and a frontcharging and ash idoor opening 2. In accordance with the presentinvention a supporting means in the form of a cradlelegs 3a and upwardlyprojecting arms 3 it may be of different heights'arranged to support abowl member 4 forming a fire pot.

beveled and a flame .directing cap-5 has an.

like bracket. or plate 3 is illustrated having.'k

The arms 3b in fact areusually of thesame height. In Fig. 1 the centerarm extends in' inwardly beveled circular portion fitting in thebeveledportion -of said bowl. The cap 5 has a downwardly flaring openingtherethrough and is shown as having a surrounding flange portion 5a, cap5 thus forming a connected at its other end to a joint or union member 7illustrated as in the forin of af split sleeve with clamping flanges 7=1drawn together by bolts 7b. The member 7 connects the pipe 6 to thedischarge spout of a fan 'casing 8 lenclosing a fan, not shown,

which is mounted onand driven by a shaft 9 of an electric motor 10.Themotor 10 is equipped with the usual electric conductors 11 which areconnected to aswitch member l2 adapted to be moved vto stop and startsaid motor. A pair of conductors 13 connect the switch 12 toany-suitable source of power. The motor 10 and fan casing 8 aresupported on a base member 14 mounted on a suitable support 15. Theswitch 12 .is operated through an arm 16 connected thereto by a flexiblemember or cord 17 suitably disposed over a pair of pulleys 18 andconnected to the arms 19 of a half revolution motor 20.

A supply tank for liquid fuel is shown at 21 and a pipe 22 controlled bya suitable valve 23 leads from the bottom of said tankto -anothercontrolling valve 24 adaptedl to be. moved to closev and open positionby an arm 25. -The arm 25 lis connected to and operated by a flexiblemember or cord 26 of a half revolution motor 20, saidarm 27being'disposed oppositely to the arms 1 9. A pipe V28 connects valve 24to another regulating valve 29 having an adjusting or regulating arm 30adapted to be moved to various positions. A n oil supply pipe or conduit31 extends from the valve 29 downwardly through the central part of thecoupling sleeve 7 and then extends longitudinally of pipe 6 adjacent thebottom thereof to a point adjacent the bowl 4.- The pipe 31 passes intothe sleeve 7 between the ends of pipe 6 andv casing 8 and may thus forma stop for 'the y ends of said pipe and casing when placed in saidsleeve. The pipe 31 is here turned up-A Wardly or vertically'by means ofan elbow and thus provided'with the vertically eX- tending port-ion 31a.Said portion 31JL is in turn connected to another elbow to which is alsoconnected a portion 32 extending horizontally adjacent the top of pipe 6and projecting rearwardly. A T member`33 is connected to the`rear end ofportion 32 and the downwardly projecting cross arm of the\T connected toa suitable nipple and another elbow 34 having a 'horizontal portionprojecting horizontally toward bowl 4. An

apertured plug 35 extends -into said horizontal portion of elbow 34 andforms a discharge nozzle. The outer end of T member 33 is closed by aplug 36. The pipe 6 has an opening 6a in its lower side and a pipe 37 isconnected thereto in communication with said opening, said pipe 37extending rearwardly and slightly downwardly andhaving a discharge enddisposed over a pail 38, said pail being hung upon the lower hooked endof an arm 39 arranged upon a certain pressure to operate and close thevalve 24.

In joperation, the fan in the casing 8 will .be driven by motorlO, valve23 will be `through pipe 6. The

opened and the motor 20 will be in position to open valve 25. Liquidfuel will be fed by pressure or gravity into the pipe 22 and will passthrough pipes 28 and` 31 and be discharged through the nozzle 35. Theportions 31l 'and 32will preliminarily be heated in any suitable mannerso that as the liquid fuel passes therethrough it vaporized. Thisvaporized fuel issuing from nozzle 35 will be ignited,l the same beingmixed with air supfpliedfrom thefan ame "formed will play against theportion 3=1a and adjacent portions so that these portions will con- .Avstantly be heated. The vflame is lalso pro- 1ected into bowl 4.anddeflected upwardly through cap 5. 'As indicated indotted lines in Fig.2, the cap 5 can be tilted to different positions which will move itsupper edges laterally so that the flame can be directed laterally atydifferent points in-the furnace if desired thus making it betteradapted to different kinds of furnaces.- The portion 31a of the pipewith its adjacent portions will always be kept hot and the liquidfuelpassino' therethrou h will constantly be vaporize. The hal' revolutionmotor 2O is controlled by a thermostat disposed in the room to be heatedand when the temperature rises sufliciently said motor will be operatedand arms 27swung upwardly and arms 1S) swung to its downward\position.This motion through the cord or cable 26 will substantially close thevalve 24 and through the cord or cable 17 will tur-hoff the motor 10 atthe switch 12. Valve 24 is arranged to permit. a small portion of theliquid fuel to pass therethrough. This will maintain a small fiame atthe nozzle 35"sutiiciently to vapori'ze ,the fuel. This small vflamethus will be and. adjacent portions to.

maintained atthev nozzle 35vwill constitute a .pilot light. As's'oon asthe temperature in the rooms to be 'heated drops'below the desiredpoint, the motor 20 will again be operated and arms 25'and 16 operatedthrough their cords, respectively to .open valve 24 and close switch 12.A large supply of fuel will then be turned on and the furnace again willbe started. `The pilot flame will be increased to a flame of normal sizeand the furnace again operated. If for any reason the ame should beentirely extinguished so that oil will accumulate in the bottom of bowl4, the same willrun out. through pipe 37 and into the pail 38. Theportion 4a land 'the end of pipe 6 are disposed some distance above thecurved bottom of the bowl 4 so that there is a recess below said'ends.lf oil should accumulate in the bottom ofthe bowl, any sediment orforeign particles would be retainedin this recess and only vtheA cleanoil would run back through the pipe 6 and through the drain pipe .37.The aperture in the pipe and thev drain pipe, therefore, will not beclogged by the sediment or foreign particles. When suicie'nt weight portfor the fan and motor 10 being moved rearwardly. IReady access may thenbe had to the oil pipe 31 and conduit 6. The member 5 and bowl 4 ca nalso be readily removed from the furnace. It is not necessary that thebowl 4 and support 3 be moved in order ito separatepipek 6 and casing 8at the connecting sleeve 7. The sleeve-7 can often be moved enough tomake the separation. It is desirable at times to separate the pipe 6 andcasing 8 to withdraw the pipe 31 from the pipe 6 or to make someadjustment of the nozzle portion 35.' The sleeve 7, therefore, greatlyfacilitates these necessary operations on the burner. All parts of theburner are" thus quickly and easily accessible. It can be vvery quicklyplaced in position or removed. Bracket 3 has its plate portion ldisposedsome distance below the wbowl- 4 and this platel portion will absorbsome of the heat radiated from the bowl. The arms 3l permit circulationof air above the plate and a comparatively uniformtfemperatuie is thusmaintained all aroundthe plate which prevents cracking or warping. Theplate 3'isa-lso spaced from the floor by legs 3 andthe .circulation ofthe cool air can take place beneath lthe plate.

loo

burner is that a pilot light is maintained without a blast and with thesame fuel used out the ,pilot light.

with the burner. This pilot furnishes'suflicient heat to maintain aconstant vaporization of the fuel and to keep the bowl l fairly hot, sothat when the oil is again -turnedon full it will readily ignit. Thepipe y3l and a portion of section 3l are kept full of oil so that thefull flow of tablished andthere is no danger of` blowing With applicantsstructure anoil of quite low specific' gravity and high flash point canbe used and no trouble with the same igniting is experienced when thefull supply of oil and. the blast are turned on.

Another important feature isthe ringlike cap 5 which is made separateand placed on the upper edge of the lire pot where it willbe subject tothe most intense heat. Being separately constructed, it-will be free toexpand and contract to a greater extent thanthe main portion of the lirfpot and the pot will therefore not be as liable to crack or becomewarped as' it would if the por- -tions 4 and 5 were made integral. Fromthe above description it is seen that applicants have provided a verysimple and efficient oil burner. The same is very simple and simplyarranged and made, in the most part, of standard fittings.- v'lhe burnerwith the thermostat is entirely automatic in operation and when onceinstalled, requires practically no attention for maintenance. rlhedevice has been amply7 demonstrated in actual practice and found to, bevery successful and efficient and the same is being commerciallyproduced.

It will, of course, be understood, that various changes maybe made inthe form, details, arrangement and proportions of the parts withoutdeparting from the scope of applicants invention which, generallystatoed, vconsists in a device such as shown and described and definedin the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

l. An oil burner comprising a burner bowl, a conduit communicatingtherewith, a feed pipe extending longitudinallyof said conduit to apoint closely adjacent said bowl, then extending transversely of'saidconduit, then longitudinally of said conduit away from said bowl andthen. being reversely bent to project toward said bowl and provided witha small discharge orifice alined with and directed toward saidtransversely extendingportion, said pipe forming `b oth a fuel supplyand a pilot burner.

2. The structure set forth in 'claim 1, a blast means connected to saidconduit, an oil supply means connected to said feed pipe, a motorfor-said blast device, a switch for l starting and stopping said motor,a valve oil is quickly .re-esber being beveled to,

controlling said feed pipe, and a control device connected to said valveand said switch.

3. An oil burner having a fire pot constructed as al bowl havinga-curved bottom portion and a cylindrical portion extending above said'bottom portion, a" blast ,pipe through `which air and llame areprojected communicating with the side ofsa-id bowl abovesaid bottomportion, the inner edge of said cylindrical portion being beveledoutwardly at its top anda cylindrical member having a taperedcylindrical passage therethrough of substantially the same diameter atits bottom as the opening through said bowl and lhaving heightlsubstantially equal to the diameter of the opening at its l ltop, saidcylindrical member having its bottom exterior tapered downwardly andconstructed and arranged to set down a short distance into the beveledtop of said bowl, said cylindrical member being adapted to be tilted todirect the flame coming from said bowl laterally.

4:. An oil burner comprising a tube having'an upwardly bent portion andan oppositely and reverrely bent portion provided with a small dischargeaperture directed toward said upwardly bent portion, means for passing afull supply of oil through said tube to produce a full Haine 'and' forpassing a small quantity of oil therethrough to maintain a pilot flame,a conduit surrounding said tube and a bowl into which said tube andconduit' are directed, and means for discharging a blast through saidconduit when said full supply of oil is passed through said tube and fordiscontinuing said blast when saidl small passed through said tube toform a pilot light.

5. An oilburner having a fire pot con'- structed as a bowl .having acurved bottom portion and-a substantially cylindrical por-g tionextending above said bottom portion, a blast pipe through which air andflame are projected, communicating with the side of said bowl above saidbottom portion, the

quantity of oil is inner edge of said cylindricall portion beingoutwardly at its top and a cylindrical member having a tapered'cylindrical passage therethrough of substantially ythe same diameter atits bottom as the adjoining inside of the bowl, the outer edge of thedownwardly extending portion of the memfit the beveled inner upper edgeof said bowl, the upper side of said member being disposed anappreciable distance above the upper edge of the bowl whereby thetilting of said member on the bowl will be permitted, to thereby directthe flame coming from the bowl in one direction or the other as 'saidmember is tilted.

6. An oil burner having a fire pot constructed as a bowl having a curvedbottom exterior, in combination with a plate havlegs adapted to stand ona suitable foundation-and to hold the plate at a distance above thefoundation, and also having a plurality of upwardly extendin armsadapted to contact with the curved ottom,.'exterior of the bowl, andtothereby support it in a position above the late, said legs and armsbeing constructed) integrally with the plate; whereby fa freecirculation of air may be permitted lall 'around the plate, which willtend-to secure a uniform temperature of all its parts and thus preventbreakage by an unequal expansion and `contraction of the parts. Y

7 An oil burner having in combination, a fire pot constructed as a' bowlhaving a curved bottom portion and a cylindrical portion extending abovesaid bottom por-l tion, a 'bla-st pipe through which air and flame areprojected communicating with the.

side ofsaid bowl above said bottom portion whereby7 there is a recess insaid bowl below the end of said pipe, a drain means orlexcessaccumulationof oil extending through the bottom of said pipe and spacedfrom said bowl whereby any sediment and fortion,

eign matter will collect in said recess and clean oil only will run outof said pipe and drain means. 4

8. An oil burner having in combination, a fire pot provided withA alaterally project ed tubularconnecting portion, a horizontally disposedblast conduit having its inner end inserted in said tubular connectingpora fan member having a discharge spout set a distance from the outerend of the conduit and in .line therewith, a split sleeve havingits endadapted to fit over said spoutl and over the adjacent end of the conuit, and to be detachablyconnected thereto, and an oil supply pipeextended into the central part of the sleeve between the spout andconduit and into the conduit 'to a point Ynear the .tire pot to promotecombustion of the oil` whereby when the fanmember is re- A moved fromthe adjacent end of the sleeve,

the oil supply pipe and the sleeve may be removed `from the conduit as aunit.

In testimony whereof We afix our signa-- tures.

FRANK J. EVANS. HERMAN C. HANSEN.

